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Questions and discussion about smoldering myeloma (i.e., diagnosis, risk of progression, potential treatment, etc.)

Moving from MGUS to smoldering - new test results

by cslatosch on Thu May 07, 2015 9:18 pm

This is my first post so I'm a little nervous to even be posting something on here :D

I was diagnosed with MGUS in November 2014 and just had my 6-month check up. Things are going up (seems pretty fast). They are moving me to smoldering.

In November my IgA was 1800 and is now 2050. My M-spike was 1% with 2nd spike 0.50% and now I am at 1.3% for M-spike.

What I am confused about is I know nothing about the free light chain? For the first time today I heard the doctor say normal range is 23 and I am 53? Not sure if that is real high or what not.

I have been reading everyone's post on here and and can't seem to figure out the ratio's (or understand them) on this test.

Below are my results. Can anyone help me know if I am moving quickly through this process or if these numbers are a "normal" progression of MGUS / smoldering multiple myeloma / multiple myeloma?

M-protein 1.3 mg/dL IgA lambda

Recent Labs (April 23, 2015)

KAPPALGHTFR 7.6
LAMBDALGHTFR 58.5*
KAPLAMRAT 0.13*

cslatosch

Re: Moving from MGUS to smoldering - new test results

by Multibilly on Thu May 07, 2015 10:06 pm

Hi Cslatosch,

Welcome to the forum. I'm glad you reached out to this place.

The whole free light chain ratio is confusing to folks when they are first starting to deal with this disease.

I'm going to assume that these free light chain values are from a blood test and not a urine test, right?

On lab results, the free light chain ratio is typically expressed as kappa / lambda, which in your case is 7.6 / 58.5 = 0.13.

I can see from your posting that you have "IgA lambda" type multiple myeloma, because both your IgA and lambda values are elevated (and your report says this).

Alternatively, folks will often say that you have IgA immunogloblin and lambda free light chain "involvement". The flip side of this is that all your other immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, etc) and your other free light chain (kappa) are "uninvolved".

When you hear about free light chain ratios, they are often expressed as the involved / uninvolved free light chain ratio, which in your case is the inverse of what was on your lab result since you have lambda free light chain "involvement".

In other words, your involved / uninvolved (lambda/kappa) free light chain ratio is:

58.5 / 7.6 = 7.7.

The normal serum free light chain ratio is 0.26-1.65, but a ratio of 7.7 is still considered to be pretty darn low. I honestly have no idea what to make of the numbers in your statement "For the first time today I heard the doctor say normal range is 23 and I am 53?"

You can read up more on free light chains here.

The other thing is that you will almost always hear an M-spike expressed as an absolute value, rather than as a percentage. Are you sure that your Mprotein was reported as 1.3 mg/dL and not 1.3 g/dL? I'm going to guess that this was a typo.

Assuming it was a typo, your latest M-spike is 1.3 g/dL (an M-spike is the same thing as "Mprotein"), which is also a pretty low figure.

Lastly, I think you might be confusing percentages with the absolute values when you said "My M-spike was 1% with 2nd spike 0.50% and now I am at 1.3% for M-spike". Your M-spikes were likely 1.0 g/dL, 0.5 g/dL and 1.3 g/dL, respectively.

Hope this helps!
Last edited by Multibilly on Thu May 07, 2015 10:30 pm, edited 5 times in total.

Multibilly
Name: Multibilly
Who do you know with myeloma?: Me
When were you/they diagnosed?: Smoldering, Nov, 2012

Re: Moving from MGUS to smoldering - new test results

by Toni on Thu May 07, 2015 10:16 pm

I'd just like to chime in and say first, glad you posted!

Second, sorry you are now smoldering multiple myeloma.

And, third, if you are not being observed / treated by a myeloma specialist already, please con­sider doing so. I know Multibilly would encourage that as well.

I'm MGUS, but I switched from a general hem/onc to a myeloma specialist, and I've never looked back. It's like night and day and I've learned so much from my new doctor.

Wishing you all the best.

Toni
Name: Toni
Who do you know with myeloma?: self - MGUS
When were you/they diagnosed?: April 2014
Age at diagnosis: 51

Re: Moving from MGUS to smoldering - new test results

by cslatosch on Thu May 07, 2015 10:49 pm

Thank you for your reply and I do understand now (at least starting to make sense) how the numbers are looked at. :)

As far as the numbers for my recent, M-spike I did do a copy and paste, so they might of messed up the g/dl ... Not sure.

My Nov 2014 report is below and this is what was noted:

Routine electrophoresis and immunofixation studies identify an IgA lambda monoclonal protein spike (1.00 g/dl) within the gamma region. A second IgA lambda spike is also noted within the gamma region at levels too low to quantitate (gamma + spike #2 = 0.50 g/dl).

I am happy to hear that these are low numbers considering others in the same situation.

Thanks again for the reply and the link!

cslatosch

Re: Moving from MGUS to smoldering - new test results

by cslatosch on Fri May 08, 2015 12:26 am

A correction:

Per my original post I am totally new to understanding free light chain and realized I made a mistake in my numbers. Not sure where it falls into place yet, mathwise, but 1303 is listed by my KAPPALGHTFR.

Don't know if that makes a difference.

Thanks again and, yes Toni, I am seeing a specialist. :)

cslatosch


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