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FLC ratio high due to low lambda - what's going on?

by Stan W. on Mon Jun 08, 2015 3:14 pm

I'm a bit stressed, and know I really shouldn't be.

I was in sCR (stringent complete response) from August 2013 to October 2014. Then my FLC ratio started to go in and out of normal range.

I'm IgG kappa. Have had a zero M-spike since June 2013. My doctor says not to worry. The kappa is normal, and that's what's important. Along with 0 M-spike.

My big question is why the lambda FLC is so low. From what I can understand, being so low is what causes the ratio to be abnormal.

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Stan W.
Name: Stan
Who do you know with myeloma?: Myself
When were you/they diagnosed?: SMM-April 2012
Age at diagnosis: 58

Re: FLC ratio high due to low lambda - what's going on?

by AnnaF on Mon Jun 08, 2015 6:26 pm

Hi Stan,

I don't know if this will help, but I posted a (somewhat) similar question recently, and got some great replies:

"Kappa & lambda free light chains down, but ratio up?" (May 12, 2015)

However, if you are NOT currently undergoing any treatment, I don't know if these responses will be relevant to you. Regardless of that, there is a very helpful table in the link above.

Again, this may not apply directly to you, but I know how it can be stressful waiting for an answer and hope this may provide a bit of assistance.

All the best,
Anna

AnnaF
Name: AnnaF
Who do you know with myeloma?: Father
When were you/they diagnosed?: October 2014
Age at diagnosis: 75

Re: FLC ratio high due to low lambda - what's going on?

by Cheryl G on Mon Jun 08, 2015 9:26 pm

Hi Stan,

It's always good to see someone graphing their lab results!

Your kappa/lambda free light chain ratio is calculated exactly like it sounds like it's calculated: by taking your kappa free light chain result and dividing it by your lambda free light chain result. You can check that by taking a set of FLC results for one date and just doing the math. If it doesn't work out, something must be wrong :o

So, as you expected, it's really the low lambda FLC level that is putting the ratio out of range. Also, as the table points out that is in the thread Anna mentioned (great that you remembered that, Anna!), an elevated ratio in a situation like yours suggests that the ability of your bone marrow to produce blood cells is reduced (suppressed).

Are you currently taking any myeloma medications? Did you take any other treatments, for anything else, during the periods when your ratio was unusually elevated?

Your doctor is obviously correct that it's your kappa levels that you want to be the most concerned about. At the same time, you don't want to be in a situation where your bone marrow isn't in very good shape. Is anything going on with any of your other blood counts, like your red blood cell or white blood cell counts, that might suggest bone marrow issues?

I hope all of this helps a bit. All these different lab results certainly can be confusing!

Cheryl G

Re: FLC ratio high due to low lambda - what's going on?

by Stan W. on Tue Jun 09, 2015 11:21 am

The only thing I know, from what I've read, is the fact that the ratio is off means I'm no longer in SCR. That there may be traces of active myeloma.

I'm on maintenance. 10mg of Revlimid every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. No breaks. along with 10mg of Prednisone those days.

Zero M-Spike and my igG has been lower than normal since treatment (due to treatment).

WHITE BLOOD CELL 10.8
RED BLOOD CELL 5.00
HEMOGLOBIN 16.2

Based on my HGB, things are flowing very well. So, myeloma isn't clogging up anything.

I know I shouldn't complain. I've never been in a bad place. No CRAB symptoms. Never really had any side effects.
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Stan W.
Name: Stan
Who do you know with myeloma?: Myself
When were you/they diagnosed?: SMM-April 2012
Age at diagnosis: 58

Re: FLC ratio high due to low lambda - what's going on?

by AnnaF on Tue Jun 09, 2015 11:32 am

Hi Stan,

My understanding is that the drugs can lower your Lamda as a side effect of treatment. This will then skew your ratio, but may not be anything to be concerned about. My father is in treatment (though not maintenance as he was recently diagnosed) and his doctor said that the ratio is not something to focus on while in treatment. What you SHOULD focus on are your kappas and your m-spike, as those are indicative of the activity of the cancer.

I am by no means a doctor, and there may be a difference in your specific situation, as well as a difference in how valuable the lamda/ratio are when you are in maintenance versus full-fledged treatment. As always, talking to your specialist is the best bet, I just wanted to provide what info I can.

-Anna

AnnaF
Name: AnnaF
Who do you know with myeloma?: Father
When were you/they diagnosed?: October 2014
Age at diagnosis: 75

Re: FLC ratio high due to low lambda - what's going on?

by Stan W. on Tue Jun 09, 2015 11:55 am

Thanks, Anna.
Yes, I know that it's my M-Spike and Kappa numbers that are most important. I'm lucky to have one of the world's top multiple myeloma doctors. I freak out, and email him when something seems off. He always tells me "No worries. We are all happy you are doing well".

It's when you read something that says a high FLC ratio is an indicator of active myeloma...

Gotta stop reading too deeply into things.

Stan W.
Name: Stan
Who do you know with myeloma?: Myself
When were you/they diagnosed?: SMM-April 2012
Age at diagnosis: 58


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